Evaluation of Periodontal Changes in Patients Before, During, and After a Fixed Orthodontic Therapy.

Background: Periodontal complications are one of the common side effects associated with orthodontic therapy. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the periodontal changes in patients before, during, and after the therapy with a fixed orthodontic appliance. Methods: Out of 38 healthy adolescents with permanent dentition who were indicated for fixed orthodontic therapy were included in this study. Patients were selected from Class I, treated by non-extraction methods, by using conventional orthodontic braces. After their examination and treatment by an orthodontist, the patients were referred to the periodontist before the placement of a fixed orthodontic appliance. The patients underwent the application of a periodontal anamnestic-diagnostic protocol, and the clinical-radiological evaluation. After a fixed orthodontic appliance was placed, the respondents were referred to the periodontist for regular mandatory check-ups, initially, after three months, and later on-after 6 months, after 1 year and after 2 years until the end of orthodontic therapy. Results: An increase in the mean value of the Plaque Index and Sulcus Bleeding Index was found at each check-up after the placement of a fixed orthodontic appliance. There is a statistically significant difference in the presence of gingival hyperplasia found by monitoring the changes after three and six months, and after one and two years following the start of orthodontic therapy. Conclusion: The assessment of periodontal changes in patients before, during and after the completion of fixed orthodontic therapy revealed that there is a strong need for mutual and close cooperation between orthodontist and periodontist during orthodontic therapy.

Radiological Evaluation of Dental Age Assessment Based on the Development of Third Molars in Population of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

OBJECTIVES: The development of third molars can be helpful in dental age estimation of adolescents and in early adult period. We tested the repeatability and accuracy of the three dental age radiographic methods (Olze, Demirjian and Solari and Abramovitch) and evaluated which method is more useful. We also aimed at testing to find the correlation of estimated dental and chronological age by these three methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The orthopantomographs (OPGs) of 1007 individuals (8 - 25 years) were divided into two groups (cca 500 OPGs) - one group of OPGs has been presented with all four third molars, while another one was registered with third molar/s hypodontia. And all of OPGs were assessed, to verify the three methods (Olze, Demirjian and Solari and Abramovitch) for age estimation based on third molar development. RESULTS: There was a high Spearman's correlation coefficient between stages of development of wisdom tooth and chronological age of subjects by all these three methods. CONCLUSION: We may recommend using third molars for assessing the dental age by Olze, Demirjian and Solari and Abramovitch dental method as well, on Bosnian and Herzegovinian population.